Fm11

General info

Full name

F Minor 11

Symbol

Fm11

Root

F

Quality

Minor 11

Chord notes

Functions & resolutions

Typical function in key

iiSubdominant (ii)Eb major

Stability / tension

Stable — can serve as minor tonic

Most common resolutions

CC MajorBbmBb MinorEbEb Major

Unstable degrees

4Bb

b7Eb

resolves down to the resolution tonic

Main resolution

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CC Major

Minor chord Fm is a stable tonic in the minor key of the same root. Typical motion leads to the subdominant (iv) or dominant (V).

Other resolutions

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Deceptive resolution

DbDb Major

A minor chord can unexpectedly move to the major chord on the bVI degree — a deceptive-resolution effect.

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Modal resolution

EbEb Major

In Dorian and Aeolian modes, the minor chord is the tonic. Typical modal motion: i → bVII or i → iv.

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Jazz reharmonization

Bb7Bb Dominant 7

In jazz, a minor chord often serves as ii in a ii-V-I progression. Its "resolution" is the dominant a 4th up.

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Functional resolution

BbBb Major

As the vi degree in major, a minor chord can move to IV or ii, creating subdominant motion.

Features

Character

Minor, with minor 7th and 11th

Characteristic interval

Minor third (m3), 11th

Description

The minor 3rd and minor 7th define a minor 7th chord, while the 9th and 11th add diatonic extensions.

Application

• Jazz fusion
• Lo-fi and chill
• Atmospheric guitar

Voicing & structure

Harmony

Compatible scales

All chord tones are contained in these scales — use them for improvisation.