Note frequency table (in hertz)

All 88 piano keys in hertz (A4 = 440 Hz). Equal temperament, MIDI numbers. Click a value to hear it.

Quick reference

Essential frequencies for pianists: landmark keys of the range and the A4 reference pitch.

Piano landmark pitches
A0 — 27.50 Hz (lowest key)C4 — 261.63 Hz (middle C)A4 — 440.00 Hz (concert pitch)C8 — 4186.01 Hz (highest key)
A4 reference pitch
ISO standard: 440 HzBaroque pitch: 432 HzConcert sharp: 444 HzFormula: f = A4 × 2^((MIDI − 69) / 12)

Frequency table

All piano keys from A0 to C8. Rows are chromatic pitch classes, columns are octaves. Click a value to hear the note.

NoteSub-contra octave0Contra octave1Great octave2Small octave3One-line octave4Two-line octave5Three-line octave6Four-line octave7Five-line octave8
C
C#
D
D#
E
F
F#
G
G#
A
A#
B

How note frequencies are calculated

Every piano key has its own frequency in hertz (Hz) — the number of string vibrations per second. The values are calculated using the equal-temperament formula relative to the A4 reference pitch. The ISO 16 standard fixes A4 = 440 Hz, but other tunings exist too: 432 Hz (a softer, "Baroque" pitch) and 444 Hz (a sharper concert pitch). Each note in the table shows its exact frequency, which you can hear by clicking.

Each octave doubles the frequency: A4 sounds at 440 Hz, A5 at 880 Hz, A3 at 220 Hz. The full range of an 88-key piano spans from A0 (27.50 Hz) to C8 (4186.01 Hz). Knowing frequencies is useful when tuning an instrument, working with audio, and understanding why some notes sound "thicker" and others "thinner".