Fm13

General info

Full name

F Minor 13

Symbol

Fm13

Root

F

Quality

Minor 13

Chord notes

Functions & resolutions

Typical function in key

iiSubdominant (ii)Eb major

Stability / tension

Stable — can serve as major tonic

Most common resolutions

BbBb MajorCC MajorDmD Minor

Unstable degrees

4Bb

b7Eb

resolves down to the resolution tonic

Main resolution

Fm13source

CC Major

Major chord F is a stable tonic. As tonic it doesn't require resolution, but in a progression context typically moves to IV or V.

Other resolutions

Fm13source

Deceptive resolution

DmD Minor

As the V degree, a major chord can defy expectations by moving to vi instead of I (deceptive cadence).

Fm13source

Modal resolution

EbEb Major

In modal context, a major chord can freely move to bVII, bIII, or bVI — characteristic of Mixolydian mode.

Fm13source

Jazz reharmonization

Fmaj7F Major 7

In jazz, a major chord is enriched to maj7, 6/9, or add9 and can smoothly transition into a ii-V of another key (modulation).

Fm13source

Functional resolution

CC Major

As the IV degree (subdominant), a major chord can resolve to V or directly to I (plagal cadence).

Features

Character

Minor, with minor 7th, 9th and major 13th

Characteristic interval

Minor 3rd (m3), Minor 7th (b7), Major 13th (13)

Description

The m7 core preserves minor quality, while the major 13th emphasises natural scale degree 6. This combination has a particularly clear Dorian association.

Application

• Dorian harmony
• Minor tonic in jazz
• Neo-soul and fusion

Voicing & structure

Harmony

Compatible scales

All chord tones are contained in these scales — use them for improvisation.