As the IV degree (subdominant), a major chord can resolve to V or directly to I (plagal cadence).
Features
Character
Dominant, with a 2nd instead of the 3rd
Characteristic interval
2nd instead of 3rd (2), Minor 7th (b7)
Description
The 2nd replaces the 3rd, withholding major quality, while the minor 7th preserves dominant colour. The 2nd may rise to the 3rd of a dominant seventh chord.
Application
2–3 suspension over dominant
Modal harmony
Funk and modern jazz
Voicing & structure
Root position
v1B(B4)Bass
root
v2C#(C#5)M2from B
v3F#(F#5)P4from C#
v4A(A5)m3from F#
Harmony
Compatible scales
All chord tones are contained in these scales — use them for improvisation.