Ab Harmonic minor

Natural minor with a raised 7th; the leading tone strengthens the pull toward the tonic.

Octaves

Musical context

How the scale relates to the chord, mode, key and progression.

Theory

General info

Name
Ab Harmonic minor
Family
Harmonic scales
Note count
7
Step formula
W – H – W – W – H – W+H – H
Numeric formula
0-2-1-2-2-1-3-1

Notes & degrees

1Abroot
2Bbmajor 2nd
b3Cbminor 3rd
4Dbperfect 4th
5Ebperfect 5th
b6Fbminor 6th
7Gmajor 7th

Construction

Overview
Natural minor with a raised 7th; the leading tone strengthens the pull toward the tonic.
Application in music
The raised 7th produces major V and dominant V7 chords in minor.
Interval formula
Ab
W
Bb
H
Cb
W
Db
W
Eb
H
Fb
WH
G

Chords by degree

Tensions & resolutions

Stable degrees

IAbpoint of resttonic
IIICbdefines modal qualitythird
VEbsupports the tonic sonorityfifth

Typical resolutions & tensions

VIIGG
IAbAb
In typical voice leading, the leading tone rises by semitone to tonic.
IIICbCb
IVDbDb
In a dominant context, scale degree 4 normally descends by step to 3.
IAbAb
IIBbBb
Scale degree 2 may descend to tonic; the motion is especially close when degree 2 is lowered.

This scale on guitar 🎸

See how Ab Harmonic minor looks on guitar.

Explore

Circle of fifths

The major key on the same tonic and its neighbouring keys on the circle of fifths.

CAmGEmDBmAF#mEC#mBG#mF#D#mDbBbmAbFmEbCmBbGmFDmAbmajor
Relative key
Dominant
Subdominant
Key signature
4 flats (Bb, Eb, Ab, Db)

Connections

Practice

Keyboard Trainer

Reinforce it in practice — play and name notes on the interactive keyboard.

Open Trainer

Frequently Asked Questions